PHOTOGRAPHY AND FILM
http://www.pbs.org/pov/pov1999/rabbitinthemoon/index.html
-The PBS companion site to Rabbit in the Moon is an interactive, self-led site, which includes video clips of some of the many potent personal interviews from the documentary, including those with the filmmaker and screenwriter. Historical testimony is complimented by intelligent and thoughtful prompts for discussion as well as access to an online forum for continued discourse. This is a valuable resource for those exploring the more emotional and cultural implications of the Japanese-American internment, as well as those interested in addressing the ongoing implications of the films’ content and message.
http://www.csuohio.edu/art_photos/gallery.html
-This site is a gallery of modern (not historical) photography, with links to internee’s family albums from the internment era and interviews with internment survivors. The site is an interesting mix of historical and modern artistic perspectives- more of a visual/audio stimulus than educational tool, but evocative and intriguing.
http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf596nb4h0
-This site is a little hard to navigate, because of the sheer size of the collection of photographs but is worthwhile for the very same reason. Over 7000 photographs, slides, and negatives are included in this collection, all taken by members of the War Relocation Authority Staff during and after the internment. Photographs can be accessed by choosing a series number under the container listings on the left hand side of the screen. To access the entire photo gallery, go to ‘online items’ in the top left corner and hit the camera icon and total image number.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aamhtml/
-Suffering Under A Great Injustice is the name of Ansel Adams photographic exhibit on the Japanese-American internment experience. The collection is housed in the library of Congress, and includes historical narratives, the photographs themselves, information concerning the impetus for the exhibit, as well as tips for understanding and working with the exhibit. The photos were all taken at Manzanar during WWII.
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (General)
http://www.momomedia.com/CLPEF/edu.html
-The Civil Liberties Public Education Fund’s educational resource page. This site offers excellent, concise overviews of historical chronology, brief biographies of each internment camp and detention center, all of which is accessible in language and format, clear, articulate and informative. The information and format lend themselves easily to curriculum development, and serve as a strong base for continued research in a more specific direction. Also has an image gallery.
http://bss.sfsu.edu/internment/
http://www.jainternment.org/resources.html
-The resource page for the NAATA’s educational program distribution site offers dozens of video titles, internment related web sites, and other video sources on internment. This is a good umbrella page to begin searching for audio and video concerned with specific aspects or issues that fall within the scope of internment issues. Probably most helpful for educators hoping to interweave audio and visual association into curriculum predominated by historical fact and testimony.
-This site is dedicated to information, events, art and literature concerning remembrance and celebration of, as well as debate over, the often underplayed resistance movement within the Japanese American community during their internment. Centered around the documentary Conscience and Constitution, this site has become a virtual bulletin board for new material and ongoing investigation into the lives and motivations of those who resisted forced evacuation from their homes and businesses, as well as to the loyalty oaths and in-camp draft. This site provides a network for tracing the implications of the Japanese internment through the activities that surround its’ remembrance. Information on and links to educational materials, in conjunction with the PBS site for the documentary- http://www.pbs.org/itvs/conscience/- such as scripts and prompts for students to act out, other reading materials, conferences, calendar events, and the arts.
-Both theses sites deal predominately with the resistance, with discussion and criticism of the lack of documentation, fictional or otherwise, about the resisters and their place in civil rights history. The PBS site, address above, deals mostly with the film itself while the resisters’ site is a more broad resource for information, events, literature and art dealing with and expressing the previously unaired sentiments and histories of internment resisters.
-Both sites share the positive attribute of dealing with the specific and neither is weighted down by general overviews or historical recaps. They are creative, modern, and interesting, updated with a feel of activity, necessity, and revelation.
http://www.lib.washington.edu/exhibits/harmony/Exhibit/default.htm
-The Camp Harmony exhibit site is unique in that is compiled predominately from personal memoir, correspondence, photographs, books, and newsletters. It provides insight into the lives of interned children, and the daily ‘rhythm of life’ in the camps.
http://www.eduplace.com/ss/hmss/4/unit/act5.2.html
-This site is a teacher’s supplement site for educating about the daily experience of internment camp residents. Students read letters written from young Japanese American students and browse the UW’s Puyallup Camp Harmony site to compliment library research (additional bibliography attached) to create a radio broadcast (simulated) from the ‘camp’. Has the potential to be an evocative, thought provoking and moving educational experience.
http://www.lib.washington.edu/exhibits/harmony/default.html
-This is the Japanese American Exhibit and Access Project, facilitated by the UW library system. It is a
“multifaceted project to create a permanent Web site which provides enhanced access to the UW Libraries holdings on the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II. Included in the project is a virtual exhibit focusing on the Puyallup assembly center, Camp Harmony, and enhanced access to archival guides and inventories of UW Libraries.” Access to archival guides, private and special collection of photos, documents, letters, etc., as well as information about the internment of Canadian-Japanese, comprehensive bibliography, and a project by Asian American Studies students focusing on the children of Minidoka.
http://www.sfmuseum.org/war/evactxt.html
-This is an amazing collection of articles, accessible online, from The San Fransisco News, dated from March 2nd to April 30th, 1942. This near daily collection is an incredible look into the media of the time, and the causes and products of public sentiment towards the Japanese American community during WWII. In addition, the site provides links to other museum artifacts and other academic sources.
http://www.mtsu.edu/~kmiddlet/history/women/wh-internment.html
-The American Woman’s History sites’ internment selection includes a comprehensive and far-reaching research guide and resource list. This site offers links to all kinds of different resources, concerning the huge variety in experiences, as well as extensive ideas and leads for further research, many academic, some in different libraries, personal and private collections. Photo sites, histories, personal stories, academic sites and government collections.
http://academic.udayton.edu/race/02rights/intern01.htm
-This site has a really incredible collection of legal documents pertaining to the Japanese internment including legislative statutes, the Supreme Court cases, and related legal articles, which spans the legalistic issues of constitutionality as well as academic commentary from the more modern perspectives in the internment experience. The site is set up and maintained by the University of Dayton’s law school.
http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/Canada/internment/intro.html
-This University of Washington site offers a detailed and general introduction to the intricacies of the internment of Canadian-Japanese, as well as personal stories of the internees and the history of the racism, prejudice, and discrimination of the Canadian-Japanese.
http://home.earthlink.net/~rabbit99/teachers.htm
-The teacher’s guide to the film Rabbit In The Moon, offers a brief overview of interment history, as well the Omori family’s history and the historical context (both domestic and national) of the internment experience. Lesson plans, topics for discussion, prompts, connection building for students, and the charge that educators create their own lesson plans tailored to the needs and abilities of their students, create an invaluable site for creating a place for internment education in any history, poli-sci, or social studies curricula. Appendixes and links offer further resources.
http://americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/experience/
-The Smithsonian virtual exhibit traces the personal stories and experiences of internees, in the context of the broader constitutional issues that arose from the internment of Japanese Americans. The site features audio and readable interviews with members of the Japanese American community, concentrating on a variety of different events, themes, and integral issues that concern aspects of life during WWII. The site focuses on the larger discussion of the constitutionality of internment, as well as the government’s restriction of the civil liberties of Japanese Americans. Includes discussion of the Supreme Court cases, the presiding justice’s decisions to rule on specifics and leave unaddressed the broader constitutional issues of detention, the formal redress and apology by the American government, and a conclusion which brings the promises, hopes, and failings of the constitution to bear on the internment experience.
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/8420/main.html AND http://home.comcast.net/~chtongyu/internment/
-Both addresses link to same terrific site. Detailed history of events leading up to, and the experience of, the Japanese-American internment. Includes information about the Munson Report, the pre-war, and largely fabricated, government document which prompted the internment policy, well chosen and little known quotes from government officials, internees, newspaper clippings, and personal stories that serve to complement the moving, and precise history they accompany. Hugely extensive resource list includes articles, academic papers, essays, museum resources, and literature suggestions.
http://www.foitimes.com/internment/GASummary.htm
-This site offers the history and generally untold stories of the German Americans who were simultaneously interned in the United States during WWII. In-depth detailing of the civil rights violations experienced by Americans of Eastern European ancestry both as a separate issue, as well as in comparison to the more often told experience of the Japanese-Americans.
CULTURAL RESOURCES
-This site is, as self-proclaimed, dedicated to the “preservation, promotion, and dissemination of materials relating to the history and culture of Japanese Americans.” However, much of the special and calendar events focus on issues of recovering identity after the trials of internment. This is a good place to begin for those interested in both Japanese-American culture, and the effects of internment and the variant WWII experiences of Japanese-Americans on that culture. Site has a link to a publications list that includes books and educational videos, many of which deal specifically with issues surrounding, or stemming from, the internment of Japanese-Americans. http://www.njahs.org/pub.html
-The Japanese American Legacy project hopes to preserve the personal testimonies of those who were interned during WWII. Utilizing their stories to solidify a historical commitment to redress, and an assurance that nothing similar ever occurs again, these stories are resources in the fight against inequality and injustice, as well as in the fight to preserve Japanese-American culture and history. History, educational tools for teachers, definitions, resource lists, and more about the purpose, or idea of densho (which means to leave a legacy, or to pass from one generation to the next), as it is relevant in preserving cultural identity today.
-This site addresses the debate over the proposed insignia on the Japanese-American Memorial to Patriotism During WWII that quotes controversial figure former JACL president Mike Masaoka, who was an adamant accomodationist during internment. This modern incarnation of a historical debate within the Japanese-American community over the appropriate course of action redefines in a modern context the lines that were drawn between families and communities, and within individuals, during the forced evacuation.
http://www.katonk.com/index.html
-This site is dedicated to the history and legacy of the Japanese-American veterans of WWII- highlighting the accomplishments and actions of the 442nd and the 100th battalion during the war. History, links to films and related articles, as well as updates on events that celebrate and commemorate these soldiers are all included. Links to other JA war veteran sites, as well as historical sites on Japanese American history. This site is an interesting commemoration and discussion of the alternate side of the interment dialogue- those who went to fight for the American army, while their families were interned back at home.
http://www.ryanminato.com/jaclseattle/
-Seattle chapter of the JACL, over whose role in the internment story there is much controversy. Site gives brief history and mission statement, as well as serving as a news service and cultural communicator of trends, cultural happenings, and political issues within the Japanese American community, including community involvement links, events, and fundraising. Coupled with the national site, http://www.jacl.org/, the JACL site offers a look at the more institutional response, historically and in its’ modern incarnation, to conflict in the Japanese American community and with the American community at large.